THE WEATHERED PLANKS skirting the lime plaster walls of the merchant houses in Gokasho are cryptomeria boards from the hulls of maruko-bune, sturdy single-mast sailing vessels that once ferried commodities across Lake Biwa to Kyoto. Over a thousand maruko-bune plied Lake Biwa in the 17th and 18th centuries. Following shipping routes on the Sea of Japan, large junks (sengoku-bune with a capacity for 1000 koku of rice) transported commodities to Echizen-Tsuruga and other ports near Lake Biwa. From there, maruko-bune sailing vessels carried the goods from Lake Biwa’s north shore to Otsu, in the south, for overland transport to Kyoto and Osaka.
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